Propiconazole

Common name: Propiconazole

Chemical name: 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1 H -1,2,4-triazole

Structural formula:

Chemical class: Azole fungicide

CAS No.: 60207-90-1

Properties: Technical product is light yellow liquid. B.p. 120 ℃ (1.9 Pa); ﹥ 250 ℃ (101 kPa). V.p. 5.6 × 10 -2 mPa (25 ℃ ). Soluble in water 100mg/L (20 ℃ ). In n-hexane 47g/L. completely miscible with ethanol, acetone, toluene and n-octanol (25 ℃ ). Stable up to 320 ℃ ; no significant hydrolysis.

Toxicity: Acute oral LD 50 for rats 1517, mice 1490 mg/kg. Acute percutaneous LD 50 for rats 1517, mice 1490 mg/kg. Acute percutaneous LD 50 for rats ﹥ 4000, rabbits ﹥ 6000 mg/kg; non-irritating to skin and eyes (rabbits). No sensitization ( guinea pigs). Inhalational LC 50 (4 h) for rats ﹥ 5800 mg/m 3 .

Ecotoxicology: Birds, acute oral LD 50 for bobwhite quail 2825, mallard ducks ﹥ 2510, Pekin ducks ﹥ 6000 mg/kg. LC 50 (8 d) for bobwhite aquail ﹥ 5620, mallard ducks ﹥ 5620, Pekin ducks ﹥ 1000 ppm. Fish, LC 50 (96 h) for carp 6.8, rainbow trout 5.3, golden orfe 5.1, spot 2.6 mg/L. Bees, not toxic to bees; LD 50 (contact and oral) ﹥ 100 µ g/bee. Worms, no toxic effects against Lumbricus rebellus . Daphnia EC 50 4.8 mg/L.

Environmental fate: Animals, after oral administration to the rat, propiconazole is rapidly absorbed and also rapidly and almost completely eliminated with urine and faeces. Residues in tissues were generally low and there was no evidence for accumulation or retention of propiconazole or its metabolites. The major sites of enzymic attack are the propyl side-chain and the cleavage of the dioxolane ring, together with some attack at the 2,4-dichlorophenyl and 1,2,4-triazole rings. In the mouse, the major metabolic pathway is via cleavage of the dioxolane ring. Plants, degradation proceeds through hydroxylation of the n-propyl side-chain and deketalisation of the dioxolan ring. After cleavage of triazole, triazole-alanine is formed as the main metabolite. Metabolites are conjugated mostly as glucosides. For details of metabolites of propiconazole in wheat, rice and vines. Soil/Environment, DT 50 hydroxylation of the propyl side-chain and the dioxolane ring, and finally formation of 1,2,4-triazole. Koc (ads) 950 ml/g, immobile in soil.

Treatment: Get medical aid. Eyes, flush immediately with plenty of water. Skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Inhalation, remove to fresh air. Ingestion, do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is fully conscious, give 1-2 glasses of water.

Mode of action: Systemic foliar fungicide with protective and curative action, with translocation acropetally in the xylem.

Usage: Systemic foliar fungicide with a broad range of activity. On cereals, it controls diseases caused by Cochliobolus sativus, Erysiphe graminis, Leptosphaeria nodorum, Puccinia spp ., Pyrenophora teres, Pyrenophor tritici-repentis, Rhynchosporium secalis, and Septoris spp. In banana, control of Mycosphaerella musicola and Mycosphaerella fijiensis var. difformis . Other uses are in turf against Sclerotinia homeocarpa, Rhizoctonia solani, Puccinia spp. And Erysiphe graminis ; in rice against Rhizoctonia solani, Helminthosporium oryzae, and dirty panicle complex; in coffee against hemileia vastatrix; in peanuts against Cercospora spp.; in stone fruit against Monilinia spp., Podosphaera spp., Sphaerotheca spp. and Traneschelia spp.; in maize against Helminthosporium spp.